makerhub - User contributions [en]

F370 3D Printer

2021-04-21T19:35:03Z

Khoward19:

[[File:..f370.jpg|thumb|412x412px]]
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|Has imagedesc=
|Has description=
|Has certification=https://foxtale.georgefox.edu/moodle/course/view.php?id=31282
|Has make=Stratasys
|Has model=F370
|Has serial number=D-30365 (Alpha) / D-30809 (Omega)
|Has group=Prototype Lab
|Has ace=Kyler Howard;khoward19@georgefox.edu
}}
[[File:F370 3D printer.png|left|140x140px|frameless]]

Make: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has make}}

Model: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has model}}

Serial Number: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has serial number}}

Ace: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has ace.Has name}} ({{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has ace.Has email address}}).

Location: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Is located in facility}}

__TOC__

==Description==

The F370 is an [[Prototype Lab#FDM Printing Anchor|FDM]] (fused deposit modeling) printer made by Stratasys. It is capable of producing highly accurate parts, whether for prototyping or functional use. The F370 shares the same brand and concept as the [[Dimension 3D Printer|Dimension]] printer, but with subtle differences in operation and maintenance. The F370 boasts the largest build plate in the Prototype lab. Combined with its high accuracy and consistency, the F370 can be left overnight to print multiple parts prepared throughout the day with little worry about print failures.

The Stratasys printers utilize dissolving support material that leaves no surface damage from breaking off supports and allows for creative parts that are impossible on other printers. This printer is a great option for highly detailed or complex parts, parts containing holes that require high tolerances, parts that take advantage of the dissolving support material, bulk prints, or overflow from the Prusa printers when they are full. Currently, the Prototype Lab has two F370 printers available for use. Printing parts on the F370 costs more than printing on the Prusa printers. If your part will cost more than $12 to print you will need to get approval from the supervisor on shift.

{{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8K4YTekXRw}}

==Documentation==

====Terminology====

<gallery>
File:F370_Touchscreen.jpg|Touchscreen
File:...storageDrawer.png|Storage Drawer
File:...materialBayDrawer.png|Material Bay Drawer
File:...buildPlate.jpg|Build Plate
File:...materialSpool.jpg|Material Spool
</gallery>

[https://www.stratasys.com/3d-printers/f123 Product Home Page]

[http://www.stratasys.com/-/media/files/documentation/fdm/F123-Series/User-Guide/F123%20Series%20User%20Guide_d/ User Guide]

[http://www.stratasys.com/-/media/files/documentation/fdm/F123-Series/Operation-Guide/F123_Series_Operation%20and%20Maintenance_REV_A.pdf/ Operation and Maintenance Manual]

[https://help.grabcad.com/ GrabCAD Help Page]

==Training==
====Operation====

The basic workflow for using the F370 will be as follows: Preparing the Printer, Preparing Your File for Print, Printing Your Part, Soaking Your Part. First, you prepare the printer so that it is physically ready to print any design you give it. Second, you prepare the part on the software used by the F370. This generates a file that tells the machine how to produce your part. Third, the machine prints your part. Fourth, you soak the part in the bath so that it dissolves all the support material. Then you have a finished part! Each section below will have specific information relevant to each step. You are encouraged to speak with a lab volunteer for advice and guidance for any step of the process. If you need to print a part for a class project make sure you get it added to the pack at least 3 days before it will be needed.

====Demonstration====

To show a complete knowledge of the F370, students will bring in a part, prepare it on the machine, print it, and soak it in the support bath.

====General Procedure====
# Preparing the F370
## Powering on the Printer
### The F370 can be powered on by pressing the large power button next to the touch screen console on the front of the printer. The printer may take up to 15 minutes to boot up, so do this step first if you plan to print soon.
## Before you can open your part in GrabCAD, make sure your part is in the '''.'''STL format.
## Acceptable Prints
### The maximum part size is 14 x 10 x 14 inches, or 35.56 x 25.4 x 35.56 centimeters, because that is how large the build plate is. Any part that is larger should be shown to a lab volunteer to discuss options.
### Generally, a part will be fit for the F370 if it is highly detailed and/or has holes that require fairly high tolerances. If it is a small, detailed part, a Form 2 printer should suffice. If the part is quick and simple, a Prusa will likely suffice.
### If your part is designed to take advantage of the dissolving support material the Stratasys machines use, then verify with a lab volunteer that it will be okay to print.
### Even if you are certain your part belongs on the F370, double check with a lab volunteer before you add it to the pack. Their goal is to help you, but the Prototype Lab would like to avoid excessively expensive and/or unnecessary prints.
# Preparing the file: GrabCAD
## GrabCAD Print is the software shared by both F370s. It allows one to easily orient and view the part that needs to be printed. Both printers are web based, which allows one to start the print from the one of the lab's computers. '''Give yourself a few days before your project is due to print on either F370.''' Prints will generally be started when a tray is full or by a lab volunteer at the end of a day. It is unlikely your print will be started just because you waited until the last minute. Be proactive.
## On Opening GrabCAD, make sure that you navigate to the bottom right of the screen and select the menu next to "Print." Select the printer you want to use; in this case, the F370, which will appear as "f370D30365". The volunteers in the lab can help you determine which printer would work best.
## To begin preparing your part, click on "Add Models". This is how you import your file into GrabCAD. '''Your file must be in .stl format.''' After you have added your part, you can begin preparing it to be printed. Multiple models can be added to the project. Additionally, models can be placed on new trays if the current one runs out of space.[[File:Icons.png|300x300px|none|thumb]]
## Notice that once a part has been added, an hourglass shaped tower will appear next to your part and scale with the size of your part. This is called a "purge tower" and is where a printer expels excess material upon switching filaments. The purge tower can be moved around on the plate as needed, but cannot be rotated. To move your part on the plate, one can simply click and drag to place it where they want to be printed. Keep in mind that the build plate is to scale, where you place it in the software will be where it prints in reality.
## To change how one is viewing the plate, hold on the middle mouse button and drag to move the plate, or click and hold the right mouse button to orient the angle the plate is viewed from. There are also icons on top to choose various viewpoints, such as an isometric view, top, left, etc. The icons on the right side of the screen are your print options. All of the options are intuitive, but you are still encouraged to practice manipulating your part so you understand how to use each function. The top three 'icons are different views, starting from a normal Model View, which is roughly how your part will appear when done.
## Analysis Mode shows faulty areas of a part, and Slice Preview shows model material and support material in the part. Below the Slice Preview Icon is the Model Info, where you can change the units of a selected part if needed.
## Next is Print Settings, which will be addressed below. The Arrange icon automatically arranges parts to optimize print time. Orient allows one to either let the software orient the part, orient a particular face to a plane, or rotate the model on the XYZ axis. Lastly, the Scale icon gives the option to change the size of the model, either with uniform scaling or on a particular axis. It also gives you the part dimension for each axis.
## '''You MUST print your part with "Sparse - low density" fill.''' It is expensive to print with Stratasys materials, thus you must consult a lab volunteer if you have a part you feel needs a denser fill. All of standard settings generally do not need to be changed.[[File:Density.png|thumb|none|300x300px]]
## If you would like more information on specifics, head to the GrabCAD website's [https://help.grabcad.com/article/199-take-a-quick-tour Help Center] for further details and tips, guides, or answers to FAQs. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W8K4YTekXRw This] video contains a basic rundown of GrabCAD. Remember that the lab volunteers are available to answer your questions or provide assistance.
## ??
# Printing the part: F370 Touchscreen Operation
## After your part has been prepared, save the project before continuing. Generally, you will not start the print in the lab itself, since a volunteer will start it when a tray is full or when the day ends, but the workflow is as follows.
## Select "Print." The software will prepare the print. For larger packs, this may take several minutes, but usually takes around 30 seconds. If a print is currently ongoing, a bar across the top will read, "Print job queued successfully."
## Once your part has been prepared, you can click on on "View Estimates" in the bottom right-hand corner. You will see print time and the amount of model and support material that will be used, in cubic inches (in^3). This is an example of what the tray estimation page looks like. The model and support material used can be input into the Job Log in the lab.[[File:Estimate.png|none|thumb|300x300px]]
## Touchscreen operation on the F370 is highly intuitive. In the image below, the four icons on the left are as follows:
### Home - Displays the current tray to be printed. If a print is in progress, it will display how much time is left in the print and what is being printed. After a few minutes, a screen saver will switch between displaying which layer is being printed and how much time is left on the current print.
### Queue - Shows which trays are queued. This can also be viewed in GrabCAD.
### Materials - Display which material trays contain material, what kind of material is in the F370, and how much material is left. It also displays tip temperature for each respective material.
### Tools - The last menu has various settings and functions for the printer. One of the icons in this menu will be a sun, which turns the light inside the printer on and off so a print can be viewed. Otherwise, do not mess with or change settings without speaking to a volunteer first. [[File:F370_Touchscreen.jpg|none|thumb]]
### To start your print, the image above shows the home screen for the console. If a build plate is in place, the F370 has sufficient materials, and the correct tray is displayed, simply select "Print" and the print will begin.
# Soaking the part: Dissolvable Support Bath
## You will need to soak your finished part in the Dissolvable Support Bath in order to remove the support material. Much of it can be removed with pliers, but the remainder needs to be taken care of with the bath.
## For more information, see the [[Dissolvable Support Bath]] page. This section will contain basic information on what to do with the parts and bath, with basic safety info (gloves, goggles, washing yourself, spill, etc) and "see bath page for more detailed information" on particular topics.
# Build Plates
## F370 build plates are reusable, but when parts are removed from the plate, they often leave layers of support material that are extremely difficult to remove, rendering that part of the plate unusable. If a large pack or part is queued and a new plate is required for a print, go ahead and use a new plate. If a print or pack is smaller and can be printed without interference from unusable parts of a plate, try your best to reuse plates.

==Safety==
# When you are removing the support material by hand, it can be a little hot and sharp to begin with. Using a tool of some sort to chip it off is a good way to go, because hands bleed and tools don't :)
# When using the dissolvable support bath, do not use your bare hands to put your parts in! The liquid consists of water and Sodium Hydroxide which is a strong base! Use goggles, a lab coat, and the huge thick rubber gloves so that you don't get any on you.

==Certification==

[https://foxtale.georgefox.edu/moodle/course/view.php?id=31282 Foxtale Quiz]

==Troubleshooting==
# If GrabCAD says printer isn't available, then it is not started up. Make sure the printer has been on for a while so it can connect to the network appropriately.
# It may take a while to start the print if your printer was just recently used. It can take 2 hours to heat up before the printing the job begins.
# Make sure you have enough material in the material bay to complete the print before you begin.

==Maintenance==
====General maintenance====

There are a few things students and the ace will need to do while performing maintenance tasks or the F370.

====Specific Maintenance Tasks====
{| class="wikitable"
!Maintenance Procedure
!Frequency
!Done By
|-
|Changing Materials
|When the amount of material gets low
|Volunteer
|-
|Removing Material from Build Plate
|After every print
|Student
|}
# Changing Materials (Loading Filament Spools)
## Only volunteers will change out materials. If the F370 runs out of filament or you would like to use a different color, please speak to a lab volunteer.
## There are four material bays within the F370. The top drawer houses the material bays and their material drive controller, which feeds the filament from the bay to the head. '''The material drive controller detects whether material is in the material drive during the load and unload process and it can also detect errors, when filament is broken, or when the end of the spool is reached via a filament present switch. [''This sentence needs to be revised by someone that understands the details of the "material drive] [I gave it a try, probably needs an expert to review - CZ]''''' The print will be paused if any of these things occur so the print can be recovered and filament reloaded.
## Select the '''Materials''' button from the touchscreen.
## Open the material bay drawer. That is the biggest drawer on the bottom half of the F370.
## Insert the material spool into its appropriate slot. In the Prototype Lab, the two bays on the left will contain model material, while the bays on the right will contain support material.
### Pull up on the latch securing the lid and open the lid.
### Place the material spool into the slot. Make sure the filament tail is facing the back wall of the material bay (printer side).
### Once the spool is inserted, the Material Status icon will display a solid yellow border with a notification badge above the icon.
## Open the Materials Details page by tapping on the status icon for the bay you are loading material into.
## Slowly turn the spool and feed filament through the filament hole.
### The filament needs to be advanced approximately 2 inches to reach the filament present switch. When the switch is reached, the Load button will refresh into a selectable state.
### When feeding filament, be careful to ensure that filament does not fall over the edge of the spool to avoid cross-winding and/or load errors.
## Once the filament present switch detects filament, select the Load icon.
## Press the Back button within the Material Details page to exit and return to the Materials page.
## Material will begin to load and the F370 will take care of the rest, automatically heating both the oven and liquefier tip to the correct temperatures for the material being used.
## Once the tip is within three degrees of the set point temperature the head moves to the purge area and the tip purges a small amount of material.
## Once material is loaded, the filament pathway between the Material Status Icon and the corresponding Head Status Icon will be solid blue, the Head Status Icon will turn from gray to blue, and the Material Status Icon will display a solid blue border.

__TOC__

Dissolvable Support Bath

2021-04-21T19:33:55Z

Khoward19:

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|Has make=Support Cleaning Apparatus
|Has model=1200HT
|Has serial number=8121546
|Has ace=Kyler Howard;khoward19@georgefox.edu
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[[{{#show: {{FULLPAGENAME}}|?Has icon|link=none}}|140px|left|{{#show: {{FULLPAGENAME}}|?Has icondesc}}]]
Make: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has make}}

Model: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has model}}

Serial Number: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has serial number}}

Ace: Kyler Howard (khoward19@georgefox.edu).

Location: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Is located in facility}}

==Description==

The Dissolvable Support Bath is a 1200 HT Support Cleaning Apparatus. It is used in conjunction with both Stratasys [[F370 3D Printer|F370]] 3D printers. Since these printers use QRS support material, the support can be dissolved in a heated, agitated, diluted solution of Sodium Hydroxide. Sodium Hydroxide can be dangerous when handled incorrectly, therefore there are various safety procedures associated with the use of the Dissolvable Support Bath. Below is a video of an alcohol dissolvable support bath which is not as toxic but functions the same.
{{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gonTiHbIRGg}}

==Documentation==

====Terminology====

*MSDS - Material Safety Data Sheet

====User Manual====
[https://data2.manualslib.com/pdf7/151/15091/1509040-padt/sca_1200_ht.pdf?8d7798a1a8125905a330475574a3ad86 User Manual] for the SCA 1200 HT Circulating Bath.

==Training==
====Operation====
Using the Dissolvable support bath is very simple. During the busy times of the semester, the bath will be left on but if it is not on then turn it on using the control panel. Next, wait for the bath to heat up completely and then place your part in it using appropriate safety attire. It may be helpful to place the part in a mesh bag, remove the basket from the bath, and tie the bag to the bottom of the basket to keep the part completely submerged. Periodically check the part until all support has been dissolved. Always wear safety equipment when opening the bath. The bath is only to be used for ABS models with QSR dissolvable support. PLA placed into the bath will become brittle and break apart, ruining the prints.

====Demonstration====

Use the correct safety procedures to place a printed part in the bath.

====General Procedure====

#ALWAYS USE SAFETY ATTIRE (see safety for requirements).

#Flip the rocker switch on the bottom right to turn the bath on.
#Select the temperature that correlates to your print material (70 degrees for ABS) and press the power button to begin the heating process.
#Keep the lid shut as often as possible.
#Place the part inside of a mesh bag, tie the strings of the mesh bag to the side handles, allow the part to soak in the bath for several hours.
#*Mesh bags are located in the small drawer next to the sink.

''When removing parts:''

#When the soaking step is completed, the basket can be lifted out and removed so that parts can be sifted through in the air instead of the solution. If you do remove basket, remove the lid first and place it in the sink. Next, lift the basket, let it drain above the bath so that it drips into the bath, then once it is barley dripping, the basket can be transferred to the sink.
#Wash the mesh bag and part thoroughly. Use paper towels to dry the part and let the part sit on paper towels and drain for a couple hours. Always inform the part's creator to wash their hands after handling the part and before eating or touching their eyes/face.
#Replace the basket and lid.

==Safety==

*Only Prototype Lab Mentors are allowed to use the Bath for safety concerns.
*Required safety attire is a lab coat, safety goggles, and heat/chemical protecting gloves.
*Only the Ace of the Bath and the Aces of the Prototype Lab (and Justin) are allowed to drain the tank and replenish it with a new solution of EcoWorks cleaning agent.
*Wash your hands after using the bath and after touching parts that have been removed from the bath within the past 24 hours.
*All parts that come out of the bath should be washed and left to dry/drain excess fluid for at least an hour.
*All spills should be immediately reported to Justin and the Aces of the Prototype Lab.
*Follow the MSDS procedure in the event of getting Sodium Hydroxide on your skin, in your eyes, or if you ingest it.
*The MSDS is located next to the sink in a bright yellow binder hanging on the wall. It includes the fluids the Prototype Lab uses that could be dangerous when humans are exposed to them. The MSDS also details what to do if the fluid is ingested, gets in your eyes or on your skin, and other pertinent information.

==Certification==

This Quiz is a part of the F370 Quiz on Foxtale.

==Troubleshooting==

*'''What to do if the bath is beeping:'''
**This typically means the bath is low on water (see page 17 of the user manual).
**Take the clear bucket under the sink and use it to fill the bath until the fluid level inside is about 0.5" below the max fill line.
**Tell the Bath Ace if you think the solution should be switched, do not do it yourself.
**The bath may be sending out an error message in which case the Instruction Manual should be consulted.
*'''What to do if the bath appears to be leaking:'''
**Immediately inform the Aces of the Lab and/or Justin.
*'''What to do in the event of a spill:'''
**Evacuate the lab and shut it down until the spill has been properly cleaned.
**Immediately inform the Aces of the Lab; if unavailable and the spill is large then contact Security.
**Use the spill kit.
***Follow instructions inside the kit.
***Make sure you are wearing safety attire.

==Maintenance==
====General maintenance====

Like many machines in the Maker Hub, the bath must be periodically wiped down to keep it clean and working properly. This also removes spots created by the Sodium Hydroxide. Also, there is a limit to how much support material can be dissolved and once it has been reached the tank must be emptied and refilled with new Sodium Hydroxide solution.

====Specific Maintenance Tasks====
{| class="wikitable"
!
!Maintenance Procedure
!Frequency
!Done By
!Last Done
|-
|1
|Wipe down the machine
|As neeeded
|Lab Volunteer
|N/A
|-
|2
|Change the Bath Solution
|When the bath starts taking a very long time to dissolve support material
|Lab Volunteer
|1/23/20
|-
|3
|Refill Sodium Hydroxide Bottles
|If there is only one full bottle remaining
|Lab Volunteer
|}2. '''How to change the solution in the bath:'''

*Wear safety attire during the entire process.
*Retrieve a barrel to drain the fluid into.
*Remove the blue silicone cap.
*Align the barrel opening to be underneath the drain spout.
*Open the ball valve so the fluid begins to drain.
*Completely drain all of the fluid.
*''Clean the inside of the tank'':
**Use water to rinse out the inside of the tank then use paper towels to wipe out the gunk.
**Be sure to also clean the basket thoroughly.
**Replace the basket.
*Fill the bath up with water (use the clear bucket under the sink, fill this with water from the sink, pour the water into the bath) until the water level reaches about 0.5" below the max fill line
*Gather 6 packages of EcoWorks (1 package consists of part A and part B).
*Inside each package the powder is in dissoluble bags, gently place all bags from the 6 packages into the water.
*Turn the bath on and allow it to heat up to 70 degrees Celsius.

3. '''How to fill new Sodium Hydroxide bottles:'''

*Wear a lab coat, nitrile gloves, and safety goggles. This is very important. The granule Sodium Hydroxide (undiluted--undissolved) is much more dangerous.
*There should be a mini funnel in the lab somewhere (it tends to move around some). Use the large Sodium Hydroxide bottle and mini funnel to refill the small bottles to the same level as the last remaining bottle. Always leave one bottle filled as a gauge for where to refill to. If a bottle has not been left filled, then fill the small bottle to about 1.5 inches below where the narrowing of the bottle begins.

Dissolvable Support Bath

2021-04-19T03:02:08Z

Khoward19:

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|Has description=
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Make: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has make}}

Model: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has model}}

Serial Number: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has serial number}}

Ace: Kyler Howard (khoward19@georgefox.edu).

Location: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Is located in facility}}

==Description==

The Dissolvable Support Bath is a 1200 HT Support Cleaning Apparatus. It is used in conjunction with both Stratasys [[F370 3D Printer|F370]] 3D printers. Since these printers use QRS support material, the support can be dissolved in a heated, agitated, diluted solution of Sodium Hydroxide. Sodium Hydroxide can be dangerous when handled incorrectly, therefore there are various safety procedures associated with the use of the Dissolvable Support Bath. Below is a video of an alcohol dissolvable support bath which is not as toxic but functions the same.
{{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gonTiHbIRGg}}

==Documentation==

====Terminology====

*MSDS - Material Safety Data Sheet

====User Manual====
[https://data2.manualslib.com/pdf7/151/15091/1509040-padt/sca_1200_ht.pdf?8d7798a1a8125905a330475574a3ad86 User Manual] for the SCA 1200 HT Circulating Bath.

==Training==
====Operation====
Using the Dissolvable support bath is very simple. During the busy times of the semester, the bath will be left on but if it is not on then turn it on using the control panel. Next, wait for the bath to heat up completely and then place your part in it using appropriate safety attire. It may be helpful to place the part in a mesh bag, remove the basket from the bath, and tie the bag to the bottom of the basket to keep the part completely submerged. Periodically check the part until all support has been dissolved. Always wear safety equipment when opening the bath. The bath is only to be used for ABS models with QSR dissolvable support. PLA placed into the bath will become brittle and break apart, ruining the prints.

====Demonstration====

Use the correct safety procedures to place a printed part in the bath.

====General Procedure====

#ALWAYS USE SAFETY ATTIRE (see safety for requirements).

#Flip the rocker switch on the bottom right to turn the bath on.
#Select the temperature that correlates to your print material (70 degrees for ABS) and press the power button to begin the heating process.
#Keep the lid shut as often as possible.
#Place the part inside of a mesh bag, tie the strings of the mesh bag to the side handles, allow the part to soak in the bath for several hours.
#*Mesh bags are located in the small drawer next to the sink.

''When removing parts:''

#When the soaking step is completed, the basket can be lifted out and removed so that parts can be sifted through in the air instead of the solution. If you do remove basket, remove the lid first and place it in the sink. Next, lift the basket, let it drain above the bath so that it drips into the bath, then once it is barley dripping, the basket can be transferred to the sink.
#Wash the mesh bag and part thoroughly. Use paper towels to dry the part and let the part sit on paper towels and drain for a couple hours. Always inform the part's creator to wash their hands after handling the part and before eating or touching their eyes/face.
#Replace the basket and lid.

==Safety==

*Only Prototype Lab Mentors are allowed to use the Bath for safety concerns.
*Required safety attire is a lab coat, safety goggles, and heat/chemical protecting gloves.
*Only the Ace of the Bath and the Aces of the Prototype Lab (and Justin) are allowed to drain the tank and replenish it with a new solution of EcoWorks cleaning agent.
*Wash your hands after using the bath and after touching parts that have been removed from the bath within the past 24 hours.
*All parts that come out of the bath should be washed and left to dry/drain excess fluid for at least an hour.
*All spills should be immediately reported to Justin and the Aces of the Prototype Lab.
*Follow the MSDS procedure in the event of getting Sodium Hydroxide on your skin, in your eyes, or if you ingest it.
*The MSDS is located next to the sink in a bright yellow binder hanging on the wall. It includes the fluids the Prototype Lab uses that could be dangerous when humans are exposed to them. The MSDS also details what to do if the fluid is ingested, gets in your eyes or on your skin, and other pertinent information.

==Certification==

This Quiz is a part of the F370 Quiz on Foxtale.

==Troubleshooting==

*'''What to do if the bath is beeping:'''
**This typically means the bath is low on water (see page 17 of the user manual).
**Take the clear bucket under the sink and use it to fill the bath until the fluid level inside is about 0.5" below the max fill line.
**Tell the Bath Ace if you think the solution should be switched, do not do it yourself.
**The bath may be sending out an error message in which case the Instruction Manual should be consulted.
*'''What to do if the bath appears to be leaking:'''
**Immediately inform the Aces of the Lab and/or Justin.
*'''What to do in the event of a spill:'''
**Evacuate the lab and shut it down until the spill has been properly cleaned.
**Immediately inform the Aces of the Lab; if unavailable and the spill is large then contact Security.
**Use the spill kit.
***Follow instructions inside the kit.
***Make sure you are wearing safety attire.

==Maintenance==
====General maintenance====

Like many machines in the Maker Hub, the bath must be periodically wiped down to keep it clean and working properly. This also removes spots created by the Sodium Hydroxide. Also, there is a limit to how much support material can be dissolved and once it has been reached the tank must be emptied and refilled with new Sodium Hydroxide solution.

====Specific Maintenance Tasks====
{| class="wikitable"
!
!Maintenance Procedure
!Frequency
!Done By
!Last Done
|-
|1
|Wipe down the machine
|As neeeded
|Lab Volunteer
|N/A
|-
|2
|Change the Bath Solution
|When the bath starts taking a very long time to dissolve support material
|Lab Volunteer
|1/23/20
|-
|3
|Refill Sodium Hydroxide Bottles
|If there is only one full bottle remaining
|Lab Volunteer
|}2. '''How to change the solution in the bath:'''

*Wear safety attire during the entire process.
*Retrieve a barrel to drain the fluid into.
*Remove the blue silicone cap.
*Align the barrel opening to be underneath the drain spout.
*Open the ball valve so the fluid begins to drain.
*Completely drain all of the fluid.
*''Clean the inside of the tank'':
**Use water to rinse out the inside of the tank then use paper towels to wipe out the gunk.
**Be sure to also clean the basket thoroughly.
**Replace the basket.
*Fill the bath up with water (use the clear bucket under the sink, fill this with water from the sink, pour the water into the bath) until the water level reaches about 0.5" below the max fill line
*Gather 6 packages of EcoWorks (1 package consists of part A and part B).
*Inside each package the powder is in dissoluble bags, gently place all bags from the 6 packages into the water.
*Turn the bath on and allow it to heat up to 70 degrees Celsius.

3. '''How to fill new Sodium Hydroxide bottles:'''

*Wear a lab coat, nitrile gloves, and safety goggles. This is very important. The granule Sodium Hydroxide (undiluted--undissolved) is much more dangerous.
*There should be a mini funnel in the lab somewhere (it tends to move around some). Use the large Sodium Hydroxide bottle and mini funnel to refill the small bottles to the same level as the last remaining bottle. Always leave one bottle filled as a gauge for where to refill to. If a bottle has not been left filled, then fill the small bottle to about 1.5 inches below where the narrowing of the bottle begins.

Prototype Lab

2021-04-19T02:59:24Z

Khoward19:

{{#set:
|Has ace=Kyler Howard;khoward19@georgefox.edu
|Is facility = True
|Has certification=https://foxtale.georgefox.edu/moodle/course/view.php?id=31319
}}
The Prototype Lab contains a group of 3D printers and 2 laser cutters! [[File:prototype_lab.jpeg|300px|thumb|The Prototype Lab]]

The current Maker Hub Student Staff in the {{PAGENAME}} are '''{{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has ace.Has name}}''' ({{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has ace.Has email address}}) and Emily Erickson (eerickson18@georgefox.edu). 

__TOC__

=Schedule=
View the most up-to-date {{PAGENAME}} schedule [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/18hIb8klZ1hCLjVHk0eRi-_QaOWjuZ9XF1I1HIUDEL_I/edit?usp=sharing on this Google Sheet.]

=Equipment Overview=
{{#ask:
[[Is equipment::true]]
[[Is located in facility::Prototype Lab]]
|?Has make=Company
|?Has model=Model |+width=10em
|?Has ace.Has name=Current Ace
|format=broadtable
|mainlabel=Name
}}

==Equipment by Icon==
{{#ask:
[[Is equipment::True]][[Has icon::+]] [[Is located in facility::Prototype Lab]]
|?Has icon=Icon
|?Is located in facility
|format=plainlist
|template=EquipmentIconGallery
|outrotemplate=EquipmentIconGalleryOutro
|limit=100
|link=none
|sort=Is located in facility
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==[[3 commandments]]==

===1. Safety First===
Safety First is the rule we hold highest of the three. Given the delicate nature of our machines, and the different chemicals and materials we use in the Prototype lab, this rule applies to both the safety of you, and the machines.

Keeping yourself safe in the Prototype Lab is very easy, as there are very few ways to hurt yourself or the machines. However, proper procedure must be followed at all times.

Basic principles of how to implement Safety First in the Prototype Lab:

*Do not touch the extruder heads of the 3D printers when they are running. They will be very hot and will burn you. Wait for the machine to cool off.
*Use gloves when handling chemicals such as Sodium Hydroxide (use the heat protecting gloves when retrieving items from the Sodium Hydroxide bath), Isopropyl or Denatured Alcohol (use Nitrile gloves if handling extensively after removing from the Form Wash), and Lacquer Thinner (use Nitrile gloves when using lacquer thinner to clean residue off of engraved Hydroflasks). You may use gloves whenever you feel necessary, but these are circumstances where gloves are absolutely required.
*In addition to wearing gloves when around the Sodium Hydroxide, you must also wear safety goggles (preferably the goggles, but if those are unavailable then use safety glasses). A lab coat needs to be worn to protect from splashes. All of these items can be found within the lab.
*Make sure you read through the SDS (Safety Data Sheets) binder mounted by the sink so that you are up-to-date on safety procedures regarding the chemicals within the lab.
*If chemicals ever get on your skin or in your eyes, follow the SDS. Wash it off or out (there is an eye washing station in front of the Machine Shop about 30 feet feet away). If it is an emergency, do what you need to do to make sure you and those around you are safe.
*Make sure you know how to use the spill kit (located to the right of the sink).
*If there is a chemical spill, we do have a spill kit. First, evacuate the lab and get everyone out. This means the lab should be shut down until the spill has been properly dealt with. Second, call Justin Johnson whose information should be posted next to the Emergency Response Guide (bright yellow and by the door leading to the main space). If Justin does not answer, call the Campus Public Safety office (formerly Security Services) whose information will be in the Emergency Response Guide or can be found online. Third, if you feel it is safe to do so, deploy the spill kit (located to the right of the sink).
*Be aware that laser cut items can have sharp edges that could cut you.
*Be careful when trying to remove support material by hand from a print off of the Dimension. When the support material breaks, it leaves sharp edges and shatters extremely sharp shards that will cut you if you are not careful.

===2. Reset the Space===
The Prototype Lab has a specific organization to it, even though sometimes it looks like chaos. Put whatever you use back where it belongs. There is a place for everything and everything has a place. This rule applies to everything in the space. If you move a chair, put it back. If you use a tool, put it back. If you use a pen, put it back. Do not leave your projects in the Prototype Lab, take them with you. Do not leave random note sheets that pertain to nothing out. Throw away your trash and recycling.

We have allowed food and drink in the space. Resetting the Space means that you don’t leave wrappers, or trays, or anything that wasn’t there when you came in.

If you are employed in the space, this still applies to you. Do not take tools from the Hub and then store them in the Lab. If we need more tools, speak with Ben and Gabi and they can evaluate the situation and, if necessary, they will get more tools.

After you have started your project on a machine, make sure to clear the project from the program on the Prototype Lab computer. If you have a part you want to reuse, place the part inside the Prototype Lab Part Storage Folder on the computers.

Now, we understand that sometimes you need to leave things out. Maybe you are in the middle of a large print and you need something to run overnight. In cases like this, it is okay, but you NEED to '''''leave a note''''' on your system so that others know the situation.

When parts finish on a 3D printer, remove them from the build plate and place them in the completed parts bin so that the owner can pick up their part.

Always put any unused materials from the laser cutter back on the storage shelf, and throw away unusable scrap.

Clear the computer of any files or images left over after completing your project.

Sweep when needed.

Immediately clean up any spilled Formlabs resin.

Always leave the space better than you found it.

===3. Be Professional===
This commandment has two sides to it. It covers the idea of acting like professional (which Webster’s defines as “exhibiting a courteous, conscientious, and generally businesslike manner in the workplace”). The term also describes the standards of education and training that prepare members of the profession with the particular knowledge and skills necessary to perform their specific role within that profession. Hopefully, you are learning both of these as part of your education at George Fox University. In the Prototype Lab we expect you to develop as a courteous, conscientious, and skilled craftsman, understanding the tools and equipment in the Maker Hub and how to use them effectively.

Being a professional has some obvious ramifications in terms of behavior. First, be Christlike. Think of others better than yourselves. Share. If you have been printing a lot or using the laser cutter for a prolonged time and someone else is waiting for the machine, let them use the machine for a while. This is being a professional.

If you are working with a machine, and you don’t know the proper way to do what you are attempting - ASK SOMEONE! Learn! Become a professional. Learn the craft. This is an educational space. You might think it will be quick and you can just get it done “your” way and not learn how to do it correctly. Be a Professional and learn the proper way, and then be available to teach others.

One very important, and likely difficult part of being a professional is to correct others when they are not being professional. It is your responsibility to speak up when you see somebody doing something inappropriate. If you see somebody doing something unsafe, not resetting the space, or being unprofessional, the professional thing to do is to remind them of the three commandments and ask them politely to correct their action. This is OUR space, not any individual's. As a group, we expect everyone in the space to keep the space safe, clean, and operable for everyone.

If someone acts disgracefully unprofessional to you in the Prototype Lab, you are welcome to bring the issue to Ben and Gabi's attention.

==General 3D Printing Knowledge==
3D printing is the process of joining material together to create a three-dimensional object using computer control. It is a form of additive manufacturing. Objects are created using a 3D model. There are many different types of 3D printing, and the Prototype Lab utilizes two types which are FDM (fused deposit modeling) and SLA (stereolithography).

In the Prototype Lab, objects are most commonly printed from an STL file. This means if you create a part in SolidWorks that you must save the file as a .stl instead of a .sldprt . Once the file is in STL form, it can then be processed by a slicer software. The slicer software converts the 3D model into thin layers and produces a G-code file. G-codes communicate with the chosen 3D printer, giving it directions on how to print the object.

Different 3D printers will run with different slicer programs. Typically a program will allow you to edit various parts of the process. One common consideration will be the layer thickness. This is the resolution at which the printer will print at. Each printer will have its own range of resolution. The thinner the layer thickness (higher resolution), the more detail you will get, but the print will be created more slowly. The thicker the layers (lower resolution), the less detail you will receive, but the object will be printed more quickly. Another consideration is support. For objects with overhangs, holes, etc., support will be needed. This will give the printer a surface to print on so that it can continue to build the print layer by layer. Each printer uses supports differently. Some printers have break away support while other have dissolvable support material.

Keep in mind that '''every print should be recorded in the Job Log'''. This allows the Lab to track the material usages and success rates of the printers, as well as recording the prices of every print. To record your print in the job log, go to the [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/16fEdNcuvR_GSNV2Emy1P7SpJdetXU7ts9uQy-Ok7dRk/edit?usp=sharing Job Log spreadsheet] and fill out the required fields. A good time to fill it out is right after you have finished setting up a print.
[[File:3Dsupports.png|250px|thumb|right|Example of an object (blue) printed with supports (white)]]

There are common places of potential failure which you should watch for every print. The following points of failure specifically apply to FDM prints.

*Adhesion:
**When the print first starts, it is prudent to ensure that the filament is properly adhering to the build plate.
**Watch the print until the first dozen layers have been printed to make sure it is starting off successfully.
**The print can start sliding around the plate at anytime, although it is much more likely to fail toward the beginning of the print.
**A tall and skinny print is much more likely to struggle with adhesion than a short and stout print. Taking time to discern the best orientation for your print is always a good call.
**Adding a raft (sometimes called a brim) will also help if you print is struggling with staying adhered to the plate.
*Clogging
**Sometimes the extruder will clog causing the print to fail.
**This typically can be seen when a clump of filament balls up at the end of the nozzle.
**If this occurs, immediately cancel the print and remove the clumped filament. Make sure that the nozzle is still able to extrude filament, if not, you may need to open up the extruder and clean it. Keep working on it until you are able to extrude filament again.
*Air Extruding
**This means that the extruder thinks it is extruding filament when it really is not.
**Immediately cancel the print. Then restart the print.
**If the printer is still air extruding, cancel the print and unload the filament. You can try reloading and starting the print again.
**If the problem persists, you will probably need to take the extruder apart and clean it out before attempting any further prints.

===1. Printer Types===
There are many different types of printers, such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Selective Laser Melting (SLM), Digital Light Processing (DLP), Electronic Beam Melting (EBM), Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM), Binder Jetting (BJ)... Each printer type employs different materials. The Prototype Lab has FDM and SLA machines.

Information about FDM and SLA printers and which machines these are and what materials they can use which. In each printer's page, one can simply link it to this so they don't have to describe materials, just simply state which ones are used with it. Mostly this is all here so I remember to do it or someone else sees it and wants to do it.

====SLA Printing====
[[File:InvertedSLA.png|302x302px|thumb|right|Inverted SLA Process]]
Stereolithography, SLA, is a part of the manufacturing technology of vat polymerization. This means a light source (laser) is used to cure liquid resin into a hard plastic.
The Form 2 is the only 3D printer that the Prototype Lab has that is an SLA printer. It utilizes the Upside Down or Inverted orientation.
The resin tank has a clear bottom with a surface the resin will not stick to. This allows the resin to cure against the bottom of the tank.
The build platform is lowered into the resin until it is hovering above the bottom surface of the tank, as far away as the height of the layer to be constructed.
The laser is directed through the bottom of the tank and cures a layer of resin onto the build platform. Then, the resin tank slides over and the build platform raises. The wiper will then sweep across the tank to circulate the resin.
The build platform will lower again, and the process will be repeated until the print is completed.
Due to friction caused by de-laminating every layer, every part should be canted in its orientation. This means the part should be angled to reduce the cross sectional area needing to be shifted to de-laminate each layer. This de-lamination also causes the Form 2 to be the Prototype Lab's slowest 3D printer.
Once a part is finished on the Form 2, it must be removed off of the build plate. Try to avoid scraping the build plate when removing parts. Any excess resin must be washed off using the Form Wash, the part must be air dried so that any isopropyl alcohol from the Wash has evaporated, the part should be cured in the Form Cure, and supports should be clipped off. Any remaining support marks can be sanded off if so desired.
Extra information on SLA Printing can be found [https://formlabs.com/blog/ultimate-guide-to-stereolithography-sla-3d-printing/ here].

====FDM Printing====
Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) printers use a thermoplastic filament, which is heated to its melting point, then extruded to create layers which then build an object. There are many different types of FDM printers. Some use a modeling material and a support material, some just use a modeling material which when creating support will use a different style of layering that allows the filament to break off easily, some are able to use multiple filaments at once allowing for multicolored objects to be created. [[File:Filament_Spool.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Example of a filament spool for a FDM printer.]]

Both Stratasys printers (F370's) use soluble support filament (the support filament dissolves in a heated sodium hydroxide bath), the Prusa printers use only a model material, and the Markforge printer only uses model material as well (however it will layer another filament for extra support).

The filament for these printers comes in spools (basically thin plastic ropes that are wound up). The filament is fed through an extruder head, heated to the desired temperature, then extruded (similar to what happens with a hot glue gun).

FDM printers can work with various materials, in the Prototype Lab we mainly stick to ABS which is used by the Stratasys machines and PLA which is used by the Prusas. The Markforge uses a material called Onyx (nylon and plastic mix) and will layer in another filament such as Carbon Fiber, Kevlar, etc.

==General Laser Cutting Knowledge==
Laser cutting directs a high-powered laser through optics. The laser cutter follows a predetermined pattern to engrave or cut the material. Laser cutting is a great way to get a professional-looking surface finish.

*Can be used for many different materials ranging between wood, glass, rock, plastics, and even engraving Hydroflasks. At this time, the laser cutter in the Prototype Lab is not set up for metal etching.
*Works best on flat surfaces or cylinders with constant diameters.
*Performing a cut or engrave with the laser will always begin with an image, pdf, DXF, or similar file. When using SolidWorks you will need to save your file as a DXF using the selected face.

There are a couple common steps that must be done correctly when using the laser cutter:

*Always make sure that the lens and cone are clean before starting a print.
*Correctly focus the laser above the material, using the correct focusing tool for the lens type.
*Choose the correct material profile for the material you are using.
*Clean the bed of the laser cutter when you are finished.

==Foxtale Certification==
Before working with any of the equipment in the prototype lab you will need to take the [https://foxtale.georgefox.edu/moodle/course/view.php?id=31319 general lab quiz] as well as the specific quiz for each machine you are trying to use. The enrollment code for all of the quizzes is MakerHub.

Dissolvable Support Bath

2021-04-19T02:57:21Z

Khoward19: /* Operation */

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Ace: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has ace.Has name}} ({{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has ace.Has email address}}).

Location: {{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Is located in facility}}

==Description==

The Dissolvable Support Bath is a 1200 HT Support Cleaning Apparatus. It is used in conjunction with both Stratasys [[F370 3D Printer|F370]] 3D printers. Since these printers use QRS support material, the support can be dissolved in a heated, agitated, diluted solution of Sodium Hydroxide. Sodium Hydroxide can be dangerous when handled incorrectly, therefore there are various safety procedures associated with the use of the Dissolvable Support Bath. Below is a video of an alcohol dissolvable support bath which is not as toxic but functions the same.
{{#evu:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gonTiHbIRGg}}

==Documentation==

====Terminology====

*MSDS - Material Safety Data Sheet

====User Manual====
[https://data2.manualslib.com/pdf7/151/15091/1509040-padt/sca_1200_ht.pdf?8d7798a1a8125905a330475574a3ad86 User Manual] for the SCA 1200 HT Circulating Bath.

==Training==
====Operation====
Using the Dissolvable support bath is very simple. During the busy times of the semester, the bath will be left on but if it is not on then turn it on using the control panel. Next, wait for the bath to heat up completely and then place your part in it using appropriate safety attire. It may be helpful to place the part in a mesh bag, remove the basket from the bath, and tie the bag to the bottom of the basket to keep the part completely submerged. Periodically check the part until all support has been dissolved. Always wear safety equipment when opening the bath. The bath is only to be used for ABS models with QSR dissolvable support. PLA placed into the bath will become brittle and break apart, ruining the prints.

====Demonstration====

Use the correct safety procedures to place a printed part in the bath.

====General Procedure====

#ALWAYS USE SAFETY ATTIRE (see safety for requirements).

#Flip the rocker switch on the bottom right to turn the bath on.
#Select the temperature that correlates to your print material (70 degrees for ABS) and press the power button to begin the heating process.
#Keep the lid shut as often as possible.
#Place the part inside of a mesh bag, tie the strings of the mesh bag to the side handles, allow the part to soak in the bath for several hours.
#*Mesh bags are located in the small drawer next to the sink.

''When removing parts:''

#When the soaking step is completed, the basket can be lifted out and removed so that parts can be sifted through in the air instead of the solution. If you do remove basket, remove the lid first and place it in the sink. Next, lift the basket, let it drain above the bath so that it drips into the bath, then once it is barley dripping, the basket can be transferred to the sink.
#Wash the mesh bag and part thoroughly. Use paper towels to dry the part and let the part sit on paper towels and drain for a couple hours. Always inform the part's creator to wash their hands after handling the part and before eating or touching their eyes/face.
#Replace the basket and lid.

==Safety==

*Only Prototype Lab Mentors are allowed to use the Bath for safety concerns.
*Required safety attire is a lab coat, safety goggles, and heat/chemical protecting gloves.
*Only the Ace of the Bath and the Aces of the Prototype Lab (and Justin) are allowed to drain the tank and replenish it with a new solution of EcoWorks cleaning agent.
*Wash your hands after using the bath and after touching parts that have been removed from the bath within the past 24 hours.
*All parts that come out of the bath should be washed and left to dry/drain excess fluid for at least an hour.
*All spills should be immediately reported to Justin and the Aces of the Prototype Lab.
*Follow the MSDS procedure in the event of getting Sodium Hydroxide on your skin, in your eyes, or if you ingest it.
*The MSDS is located next to the sink in a bright yellow binder hanging on the wall. It includes the fluids the Prototype Lab uses that could be dangerous when humans are exposed to them. The MSDS also details what to do if the fluid is ingested, gets in your eyes or on your skin, and other pertinent information.

==Certification==

This Quiz is a part of the F370 Quiz on Foxtale.

==Troubleshooting==

*'''What to do if the bath is beeping:'''
**This typically means the bath is low on water (see page 17 of the user manual).
**Take the clear bucket under the sink and use it to fill the bath until the fluid level inside is about 0.5" below the max fill line.
**Tell the Bath Ace if you think the solution should be switched, do not do it yourself.
**The bath may be sending out an error message in which case the Instruction Manual should be consulted.
*'''What to do if the bath appears to be leaking:'''
**Immediately inform the Aces of the Lab and/or Justin.
*'''What to do in the event of a spill:'''
**Evacuate the lab and shut it down until the spill has been properly cleaned.
**Immediately inform the Aces of the Lab; if unavailable and the spill is large then contact Security.
**Use the spill kit.
***Follow instructions inside the kit.
***Make sure you are wearing safety attire.

==Maintenance==
====General maintenance====

Like many machines in the Maker Hub, the bath must be periodically wiped down to keep it clean and working properly. This also removes spots created by the Sodium Hydroxide. Also, there is a limit to how much support material can be dissolved and once it has been reached the tank must be emptied and refilled with new Sodium Hydroxide solution.

====Specific Maintenance Tasks====
{| class="wikitable"
!
!Maintenance Procedure
!Frequency
!Done By
!Last Done
|-
|1
|Wipe down the machine
|As neeeded
|Lab Volunteer
|N/A
|-
|2
|Change the Bath Solution
|When the bath starts taking a very long time to dissolve support material
|Lab Volunteer
|1/23/20
|-
|3
|Refill Sodium Hydroxide Bottles
|If there is only one full bottle remaining
|Lab Volunteer
|}2. '''How to change the solution in the bath:'''

*Wear safety attire during the entire process.
*Retrieve a barrel to drain the fluid into.
*Remove the blue silicone cap.
*Align the barrel opening to be underneath the drain spout.
*Open the ball valve so the fluid begins to drain.
*Completely drain all of the fluid.
*''Clean the inside of the tank'':
**Use water to rinse out the inside of the tank then use paper towels to wipe out the gunk.
**Be sure to also clean the basket thoroughly.
**Replace the basket.
*Fill the bath up with water (use the clear bucket under the sink, fill this with water from the sink, pour the water into the bath) until the water level reaches about 0.5" below the max fill line
*Gather 6 packages of EcoWorks (1 package consists of part A and part B).
*Inside each package the powder is in dissoluble bags, gently place all bags from the 6 packages into the water.
*Turn the bath on and allow it to heat up to 70 degrees Celsius.

3. '''How to fill new Sodium Hydroxide bottles:'''

*Wear a lab coat, nitrile gloves, and safety goggles. This is very important. The granule Sodium Hydroxide (undiluted--undissolved) is much more dangerous.
*There should be a mini funnel in the lab somewhere (it tends to move around some). Use the large Sodium Hydroxide bottle and mini funnel to refill the small bottles to the same level as the last remaining bottle. Always leave one bottle filled as a gauge for where to refill to. If a bottle has not been left filled, then fill the small bottle to about 1.5 inches below where the narrowing of the bottle begins.

Prototype Lab

2021-02-17T00:50:56Z

Khoward19: Updated schedule

{{#set:
|Has ace=Kyler Howard;khoward19@georgefox.edu
|Is facility = True
|Has certification=https://foxtale.georgefox.edu/moodle/course/view.php?id=31319
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The Prototype Lab contains a group of 3D printers and 2 laser cutters! [[File:prototype_lab.jpeg|300px|thumb|The Prototype Lab]]

The current Maker Hub Student Staff in the {{PAGENAME}} are '''{{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has ace.Has name}}''' ({{#show: {{PAGENAME}} |?Has ace.Has email address}}). 

__TOC__

=Schedule=
View the most up-to-date {{PAGENAME}} schedule [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/18hIb8klZ1hCLjVHk0eRi-_QaOWjuZ9XF1I1HIUDEL_I/edit?usp=sharing on this Google Sheet.]

=Equipment Overview=
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==Equipment by Icon==
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==[[3 commandments]]==

===1. Safety First===
Safety First is the rule we hold highest of the three. Given the delicate nature of our machines, and the different chemicals and materials we use in the Prototype lab, this rule applies to both the safety of you, and the machines.

Keeping yourself safe in the Prototype Lab is very easy, as there are very few ways to hurt yourself or the machines. However, proper procedure must be followed at all times.

Basic principles of how to implement Safety First in the Prototype Lab:

*Do not touch the extruder heads of the 3D printers when they are running. They will be very hot and will burn you. Wait for the machine to cool off.
*Use gloves when handling chemicals such as Sodium Hydroxide (use the heat protecting gloves when retrieving items from the Sodium Hydroxide bath), Isopropyl or Denatured Alcohol (use Nitrile gloves if handling extensively after removing from the Form Wash), and Lacquer Thinner (use Nitrile gloves when using lacquer thinner to clean residue off of engraved Hydroflasks). You may use gloves whenever you feel necessary, but these are circumstances where gloves are absolutely required.
*In addition to wearing gloves when around the Sodium Hydroxide, you must also wear safety goggles (preferably the goggles, but if those are unavailable then use safety glasses). A lab coat needs to be worn to protect from splashes. All of these items can be found within the lab.
*Make sure you read through the SDS (Safety Data Sheets) binder mounted by the sink so that you are up-to-date on safety procedures regarding the chemicals within the lab.
*If chemicals ever get on your skin or in your eyes, follow the SDS. Wash it off or out (there is an eye washing station in front of the Machine Shop about 30 feet feet away). If it is an emergency, do what you need to do to make sure you and those around you are safe.
*Make sure you know how to use the spill kit (located to the right of the sink).
*If there is a chemical spill, we do have a spill kit. First, evacuate the lab and get everyone out. This means the lab should be shut down until the spill has been properly dealt with. Second, call Justin Johnson whose information should be posted next to the Emergency Response Guide (bright yellow and by the door leading to the main space). If Justin does not answer, call the Campus Public Safety office (formerly Security Services) whose information will be in the Emergency Response Guide or can be found online. Third, if you feel it is safe to do so, deploy the spill kit (located to the right of the sink).
*Be aware that laser cut items can have sharp edges that could cut you.
*Be careful when trying to remove support material by hand from a print off of the Dimension. When the support material breaks, it leaves sharp edges and shatters extremely sharp shards that will cut you if you are not careful.

===2. Reset the Space===
The Prototype Lab has a specific organization to it, even though sometimes it looks like chaos. Put whatever you use back where it belongs. There is a place for everything and everything has a place. This rule applies to everything in the space. If you move a chair, put it back. If you use a tool, put it back. If you use a pen, put it back. Do not leave your projects in the Prototype Lab, take them with you. Do not leave random note sheets that pertain to nothing out. Throw away your trash and recycling.

We have allowed food and drink in the space. Resetting the Space means that you don’t leave wrappers, or trays, or anything that wasn’t there when you came in.

If you are employed in the space, this still applies to you. Do not take tools from the Hub and then store them in the Lab. If we need more tools, speak with Ben and Gabi and they can evaluate the situation and, if necessary, they will get more tools.

After you have started your project on a machine, make sure to clear the project from the program on the Prototype Lab computer. If you have a part you want to reuse, place the part inside the Prototype Lab Part Storage Folder on the computers.

Now, we understand that sometimes you need to leave things out. Maybe you are in the middle of a large print and you need something to run overnight. In cases like this, it is okay, but you NEED to '''''leave a note''''' on your system so that others know the situation.

When parts finish on a 3D printer, remove them from the build plate and place them in the completed parts bin so that the owner can pick up their part.

Always put any unused materials from the laser cutter back on the storage shelf, and throw away unusable scrap.

Clear the computer of any files or images left over after completing your project.

Sweep when needed.

Immediately clean up any spilled Formlabs resin.

Always leave the space better than you found it.

===3. Be Professional===
This commandment has two sides to it. It covers the idea of acting like professional (which Webster’s defines as “exhibiting a courteous, conscientious, and generally businesslike manner in the workplace”). The term also describes the standards of education and training that prepare members of the profession with the particular knowledge and skills necessary to perform their specific role within that profession. Hopefully, you are learning both of these as part of your education at George Fox University. In the Prototype Lab we expect you to develop as a courteous, conscientious, and skilled craftsman, understanding the tools and equipment in the Maker Hub and how to use them effectively.

Being a professional has some obvious ramifications in terms of behavior. First, be Christlike. Think of others better than yourselves. Share. If you have been printing a lot or using the laser cutter for a prolonged time and someone else is waiting for the machine, let them use the machine for a while. This is being a professional.

If you are working with a machine, and you don’t know the proper way to do what you are attempting - ASK SOMEONE! Learn! Become a professional. Learn the craft. This is an educational space. You might think it will be quick and you can just get it done “your” way and not learn how to do it correctly. Be a Professional and learn the proper way, and then be available to teach others.

One very important, and likely difficult part of being a professional is to correct others when they are not being professional. It is your responsibility to speak up when you see somebody doing something inappropriate. If you see somebody doing something unsafe, not resetting the space, or being unprofessional, the professional thing to do is to remind them of the three commandments and ask them politely to correct their action. This is OUR space, not any individual's. As a group, we expect everyone in the space to keep the space safe, clean, and operable for everyone.

If someone acts disgracefully unprofessional to you in the Prototype Lab, you are welcome to bring the issue to Ben and Gabi's attention.

==General 3D Printing Knowledge==
3D printing is the process of joining material together to create a three-dimensional object using computer control. It is a form of additive manufacturing. Objects are created using a 3D model. There are many different types of 3D printing, and the Prototype Lab utilizes two types which are FDM (fused deposit modeling) and SLA (stereolithography).

In the Prototype Lab, objects are most commonly printed from an STL file. This means if you create a part in SolidWorks that you must save the file as a .stl instead of a .sldprt . Once the file is in STL form, it can then be processed by a slicer software. The slicer software converts the 3D model into thin layers and produces a G-code file. G-codes communicate with the chosen 3D printer, giving it directions on how to print the object.

Different 3D printers will run with different slicer programs. Typically a program will allow you to edit various parts of the process. One common consideration will be the layer thickness. This is the resolution at which the printer will print at. Each printer will have its own range of resolution. The thinner the layer thickness (higher resolution), the more detail you will get, but the print will be created more slowly. The thicker the layers (lower resolution), the less detail you will receive, but the object will be printed more quickly. Another consideration is support. For objects with overhangs, holes, etc., support will be needed. This will give the printer a surface to print on so that it can continue to build the print layer by layer. Each printer uses supports differently. Some printers have break away support while other have dissolvable support material.

Keep in mind that '''every print should be recorded in the Job Log'''. This allows the Lab to track the material usages and success rates of the printers, as well as recording the prices of every print. To record your print in the job log, go to the [https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/16fEdNcuvR_GSNV2Emy1P7SpJdetXU7ts9uQy-Ok7dRk/edit?usp=sharing Job Log spreadsheet] and fill out the required fields. A good time to fill it out is right after you have finished setting up a print.
[[File:3Dsupports.png|250px|thumb|right|Example of an object (blue) printed with supports (white)]]

There are common places of potential failure which you should watch for every print. The following points of failure specifically apply to FDM prints.

*Adhesion:
**When the print first starts, it is prudent to ensure that the filament is properly adhering to the build plate.
**Watch the print until the first dozen layers have been printed to make sure it is starting off successfully.
**The print can start sliding around the plate at anytime, although it is much more likely to fail toward the beginning of the print.
**A tall and skinny print is much more likely to struggle with adhesion than a short and stout print. Taking time to discern the best orientation for your print is always a good call.
**Adding a raft (sometimes called a brim) will also help if you print is struggling with staying adhered to the plate.
*Clogging
**Sometimes the extruder will clog causing the print to fail.
**This typically can be seen when a clump of filament balls up at the end of the nozzle.
**If this occurs, immediately cancel the print and remove the clumped filament. Make sure that the nozzle is still able to extrude filament, if not, you may need to open up the extruder and clean it. Keep working on it until you are able to extrude filament again.
*Air Extruding
**This means that the extruder thinks it is extruding filament when it really is not.
**Immediately cancel the print. Then restart the print.
**If the printer is still air extruding, cancel the print and unload the filament. You can try reloading and starting the print again.
**If the problem persists, you will probably need to take the extruder apart and clean it out before attempting any further prints.

===1. Printer Types===
There are many different types of printers, such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Selective Laser Melting (SLM), Digital Light Processing (DLP), Electronic Beam Melting (EBM), Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM), Binder Jetting (BJ)... Each printer type employs different materials. The Prototype Lab has FDM and SLA machines.

Information about FDM and SLA printers and which machines these are and what materials they can use which. In each printer's page, one can simply link it to this so they don't have to describe materials, just simply state which ones are used with it. Mostly this is all here so I remember to do it or someone else sees it and wants to do it.

====SLA Printing====
[[File:InvertedSLA.png|302x302px|thumb|right|Inverted SLA Process]]
Stereolithography, SLA, is a part of the manufacturing technology of vat polymerization. This means a light source (laser) is used to cure liquid resin into a hard plastic.
The Form 2 is the only 3D printer that the Prototype Lab has that is an SLA printer. It utilizes the Upside Down or Inverted orientation.
The resin tank has a clear bottom with a surface the resin will not stick to. This allows the resin to cure against the bottom of the tank.
The build platform is lowered into the resin until it is hovering above the bottom surface of the tank, as far away as the height of the layer to be constructed.
The laser is directed through the bottom of the tank and cures a layer of resin onto the build platform. Then, the resin tank slides over and the build platform raises. The wiper will then sweep across the tank to circulate the resin.
The build platform will lower again, and the process will be repeated until the print is completed.
Due to friction caused by de-laminating every layer, every part should be canted in its orientation. This means the part should be angled to reduce the cross sectional area needing to be shifted to de-laminate each layer. This de-lamination also causes the Form 2 to be the Prototype Lab's slowest 3D printer.
Once a part is finished on the Form 2, it must be removed off of the build plate. Try to avoid scraping the build plate when removing parts. Any excess resin must be washed off using the Form Wash, the part must be air dried so that any isopropyl alcohol from the Wash has evaporated, the part should be cured in the Form Cure, and supports should be clipped off. Any remaining support marks can be sanded off if so desired.
Extra information on SLA Printing can be found [https://formlabs.com/blog/ultimate-guide-to-stereolithography-sla-3d-printing/ here].

====FDM Printing====
Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) printers use a thermoplastic filament, which is heated to its melting point, then extruded to create layers which then build an object. There are many different types of FDM printers. Some use a modeling material and a support material, some just use a modeling material which when creating support will use a different style of layering that allows the filament to break off easily, some are able to use multiple filaments at once allowing for multicolored objects to be created. [[File:Filament_Spool.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Example of a filament spool for a FDM printer.]]

Both Stratasys printers (F370's) use soluble support filament (the support filament dissolves in a heated sodium hydroxide bath), the Prusa printers use only a model material, and the Markforge printer only uses model material as well (however it will layer another filament for extra support).

The filament for these printers comes in spools (basically thin plastic ropes that are wound up). The filament is fed through an extruder head, heated to the desired temperature, then extruded (similar to what happens with a hot glue gun).

FDM printers can work with various materials, in the Prototype Lab we mainly stick to ABS which is used by the Stratasys machines and PLA which is used by the Prusas. The Markforge uses a material called Onyx (nylon and plastic mix) and will layer in another filament such as Carbon Fiber, Kevlar, etc.

==General Laser Cutting Knowledge==
Laser cutting directs a high-powered laser through optics. The laser cutter follows a predetermined pattern to engrave or cut the material. Laser cutting is a great way to get a professional-looking surface finish.

*Can be used for many different materials ranging between wood, glass, rock, plastics, and even engraving Hydroflasks. At this time, the laser cutter in the Prototype Lab is not set up for metal etching.
*Works best on flat surfaces or cylinders with constant diameters.
*Performing a cut or engrave with the laser will always begin with an image, pdf, DXF, or similar file. When using SolidWorks you will need to save your file as a DXF using the selected face.

There are a couple common steps that must be done correctly when using the laser cutter:

*Always make sure that the lens and cone are clean before starting a print.
*Correctly focus the laser above the material, using the correct focusing tool for the lens type.
*Choose the correct material profile for the material you are using.
*Clean the bed of the laser cutter when you are finished.

==Foxtale Certification==
Before working with any of the equipment in the prototype lab you will need to take the [https://foxtale.georgefox.edu/moodle/course/view.php?id=31319 general lab quiz] as well as the specific quiz for each machine you are trying to use. The enrollment code for all of the quizzes is MakerHub.